Roles Of The Art Director In Film Film Studies Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3077 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? ABSTRACT Art director is having one of the most important job in an film. Art direction can be similar to snowboarding or sky diving. The essence of the activity is mainly on the way in which ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s done. Art direction is an action figure in film making. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Roles Of The Art Director In Film Film Studies Essay" essay for you Create order The art director is the one who renders the script in visual metaphors, location , color schemes costumes hair style and make up. An art director is the one who draws us in to sinful lust. They will invigorate us. They will sleepless nights with a horror film and keep us laughing for days with a comedy film. This dissertation attempts to study the influence of art direction in 3D movies. It attempts to claim that art direction is very important and necessary in a film. Art director is an important post in live action films. An art director should have good creative and management skills.But when it comes to Cg films art director is not having much importance and movies like à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"UPà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is not having any art director. One of the most difficult problem the art director Rfaces is to put together everything and to make sure that it creates the mood contrast features and I appealing to the viewers. This study will attempt to make it simpler through a thorough understanding of art direction in animation INTRODUCTION The film we see today is a group work of many people. We cannot say any one is individually responsible for the success or failure of a film. We can say art direction plays a very important role in translating words in to screen. An art director is the one who is largely responsible for the look of the film. Art direction is helping in everything in the film including construction to ensure everything goes smoothly Art direction is a big part that helps the movie to get its identity. A normal movie will not be unforgettable to the viewer but great script and great production values and surely good art direction can make the movie unforgettable. There is a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"lookà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"feelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ for every movie. But art direction only cannot make a bad movie great but great art direction can make a really good looking bad film. RESEARCH QUESTIONS The research questions that will be answered in this session Qualitative 1. What is art direction? 2. What are the different types of art direction? 3. How art directions influence movies in overall appearance? 4. What are the different style and steps to be applied in art direction? 5. How does a good art direction can change an animated film? AIM To study the role of art direction in 3D movies OBJECTIVES Methods of creating sets of popular art direction. Various styles in making an effective art direction Difference in the styles of art direction in 3D and live action. Difference in the style of art in different geners STATEMENT OF A PROBLEM At present animated movies doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t focus much on art direction. SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY Art direction is one of the important part of every movie. At present the directors of animated movies even animated short film does in give much importance in short film. My study helps to understand about the importance of art direction in short film and thereby improving the quality of the short film LITERATURE REVIEW Art direction is an integral part in every movie. We have seen great looking movies that brought us the feel of the movie. Many artists do different works in a movie but art director unifies everything. In order to know more about art direction and art direction in animation a lot of books and articles has to be referred Books and articles The art direction handbook published on 2005. written by Michael rizzo: This book gives a detailed description of preproduction in a film. It also gives us information about responsibilities relations and setup and the techniques used in art direction. It involves all the duties of the direction from postproduction to pre-production The education an art director published on 2006 edited by Steven Heller: this book answers many questions like can art direction be taught? Can anyone be art director? Are all directors alike? Is an art director an editor? Is art direction design? And similar things. The art of the lion king written by Christopher finch: this book has the sketches used in the movie lion king and also some of the details of art direction in the movie which will help to analyse art direction with the help of a movie example The film makers guide to production design published on 2002 written by Vincent Lobrutto: this book mentions about production design and visualisation of a screenplay. It is having information about design metaphors, research and information about colours and texture. Its also having information about everything in the film like budget pre-production and post-production Websites About art direction in a film (https://www.ehow.com/about_4571288_art-direction-film.html) Accessed on 27 -09-2009: this website give the basic information of art directions and the significance functions and importance of art direction Art director- film makers guide( https://www.wildsound-filmmaking-feedback-events.com/art_director.html) ) Accessed on 27 -09-2009: this websites has information about the duties of an art director. It also have information about character design set design and props design. Art direction in movies(https://www.ehow.com/video_4990616_art-direction-movies.html) Accessed on 27 -09-2009: This is a video in which tells more about what is art direction and the role of art direction in movies. Art direction v/s cinematography v/s film editing(https://recomparison.com/comparisons/100963/art-direction-vs-cinematography-vs-film-editing-who-does-what/) Accessed on 27 -09-2009: this site gives the difference between art direction cinematography and film editing. It also tells about purpose of everything RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The dissertation is that of qualitative and quantitative in the study of the topic à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“importance of art direction in 3D animationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? This research will include book, web pages and secondary information. This research will explore about the entire details of art direction Different methods of creating art direction will be explored which will helps to learn more about different styles so that the best for animation can be selected from those  ­Various stages in making effective art direction sequence is studied thoroughly to get a through knowledge of the process of art direction Difference between the styles of art direction in live and 3D animation is studied and also between the different genres. This will give an in depth knowledge of art direction A survey will also be conducted about the reasons of liking a 3D movie and the reasons and also about the influence of colours in the film Scope This study will help to apply art direction in animation movies in an effective way which can dramatically improve the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"lookà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"feelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ of the movie and thereby dramatically improve the quality of the movie. Limitations This study is limited to 3D animation only and this topic is not studied much before so availability of books and articles is much less Sampling Judgement sampling is used for my survey because the topic is technical and people who knows about art direction can only give sufficient amount of information ART DIRECTION-A BRIEF HISTORY All production designers are art directors, and formerly, there were noproduction designers at all there were only art directors. In earliest filmmemory, the first creative moviemaker to be given the title of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“art directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?was Wilfred Buckland à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“By 1916 when Photoplay (magazine)commented on the rise of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"artistic executive or art director,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ WilfredBuckland had already been working for Cecile B. de Mille and Paramountsince 1914 and would continue to 1927.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?2Previously, he had designed Broadway theatrical productions, andlater for the fledgling movie business developed a form of minimalist, a Carravaggio-like lighting that engulfed the characters in darkness exceptfor a single source of side illumination. This dramatic theatrical effect quickly became a silent film trademark known as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Lasky lighting,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? after theproduction company that made The Cheat (1915), his most successful f ilm. It was also one of Cecil B. DeMilleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s masterpieces, shotin Standard 35mm spherical 1.37:1 format, combining all the ingredients typical of the infamous DeMille style à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a mixture of sex, sadism, and sacrifice,washed down with lurid melodrama.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? ( Michael rizzo 2005) Bucklandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lighting contributions were groundbreaking. Two signature scenes in the filmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the branding of the heroine by her wealthy Japanese paramour and the subsequent shooting scene are lit with such theatrical richness and integrity that our attention is just as adroitly manipulated today as it was during its initial release. This early maverickà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s scenic designs created an equally powerful toured force for film-going audiences in the early twenties. Towering 40 feet above Santa Monica Boulevard and La Brea Avenue, King Richardà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s castle, the center piece for Douglas Fairbankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Robin Hood (1922), is arguably the largest set ever constructed in Hollywood history. It took 500 workmen three solid months to build. Considering Los Angeles was more of a wide spot in the road then, the silhouette of the completed castle set could be seen for miles. It exemplified W. Bucklandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s penchant for creating extravagant, naturalistic sets, and it attests to his flair and flexibility as an early art Michael rizzo, The art direction handbook first edition published on 2005. director. Allan Dwan, director and trained engineer, recalled, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“We worked out a couple of interesting engineering stunts for the big sets. On the interiors, the walls meshed together with a matrix, which we designed and built,so they could be put together rapidly in sections. The interior of the castle was very vast too big to light with ordinary arcs. We didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have enough. It was an open set, and certain sections were blacked out to give the right atmosphere. So to light them we constructed huge tin reflectors, about twenty feet across, which picked up the sun and shot the light back onto the arches inside. Then we could make effects.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?4 This set was larger than life in all ways from the completion of the steel-frame, reinforced, working drawbridge, signifying the end of set construction, to the fact that the shooting of the film on its massive sets was a big tourist attractionthe magic of the Dream Factory continues to stir our imagination s ( Michael rizzo 2005) Under the steady but tumultuous employ of Cecil B. De Mille, Buckland was a prolific film designerWilliam Cameron Menzies.Incidentally, as supervising art director Buckland ran the art department for Robin Hood overseeing Anton Grot and William Cameron Menzies, not credited as assistant art directors. The practical vision of Buckland, the little-known Hollywood art director and initiator of the use of controlled lighting within studio environments, set a standard in the first decades of the twentieth century that has become as commonplace as shooting film sequences in Hollywood sound stages today. He stands as an art direct giant; his creative ingenuity ennobles the craft of film design even now. The stills shown here illustrate the enormous sense of theatricality belying his earlier, formative years in New York City. His exuberance for designing these impressive, interior castle shots matches that of the swashbucklingstar and sole producer of the film, Douglas Fairbank( Michael rizz o 2005) Michael rizzo, The art direction handbook first edition published on 2005. Past Changes The function and title of art direction continued into the next decades before the landscape of the art department was changed forever. Since Bucklandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s inauguration, Hollywoodà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s creative visual managers were simply called art directors. Each of the existing studios including 20th Century Fox, Columbia Pictures, Paramount Pictures, Metro-Goldwyn Mayer, and Warner Brothers contained stables of art directors overseen by a supervising art department head. The paradigm shift began in 1939 during the Golden Age of the American Studio System. William Cameron Menzies, having grown up under Bucklandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s tutelage, set a new standard for visual excellence by mapping the film epic, Gone With the Wind, with detailed concept sketches and storyboards, and adamantly insisting on using them as guides for shooting the film. David O. Selznick, the filmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s producer, rewarded Menziesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ efforts of managing every detailed asp ect of GWTW from a visual standpoint by crediting him with the title of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“production designer.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? By the way, GWTW was art directed by Lyle R. Wheeler and set decorated by Edward G. Boyle. ( Michael rizzo 2005) This distinction continues to the present. Regardless, the titles continue to be blurred. One logical reason is that the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences annually presents an Oscar for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Best Art Direction for a Film,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? never having taken the leap to make the correction. Another explanation reminds us that the television industry has consistently maintained the original label for the designer as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“art director.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Despite the confusion of terms between industries, one fact remains: two different titles refer to two separate job descriptionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ plain and simple. When in Hollywood, speak specifically. ( Michael rizzo 2005) Michael rizzo, The art direction handbook first edition published on 2005. Present changes Several years ago, the Art Directorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Guild in Los Angeles was in a minor uproar when the title of our union, Local 876, had come up for review and subsequent vote by the membership. As we have just seen, the battle of whoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s who had gone on intermittently in an informal way during the many years since Hollywoodà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Golden Age. A handful of committed members called for a formal discussion and vote to resolve the squabbling for a truly descriptive title for the Guild, once and for all. After a lengthy debate, the name of the art directorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ union was changed from Society of Motion Picture and Television Art Directors to LOCAL 800 ART DIRECTORS GUILD SCENIC, TITLE AND GRAPHIC ARTISTS or, The Art Directorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Guild, informally. Holding title in a designing capacity or not, art directors continue to occupy a vital place within the context of cinemaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s creative operatives. Formally being called an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“art directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? now more than ever personally connects us to our glorious past and reminds us of our historic roots without pretension.( Michael rizzo 2005) Michael rizzo, The art direction handbook first edition published on 2005. Chapter 5 Responsibilities and relationships art director Responsibilities The main responsibility of the art director is to take care of the visual aspects of on screen as well as printed media. The process of visualisation is being over seen by the art director in a variety of communication problem. All art directors even though they are specialised in a particular field must be good not only in design and illustration but photography computers, research etc so that they can interact with all the workers under him He is the one who keeps track on scheduling and budgeting. An art director gives instructions to the art department co-ordinator and the lead man. The art director is also in touch with the departments such as construction, transportation, location and special effects. Art directors start their work two or three month before the production of the film. Art directors start their work on the sets of the shots that are going to be shot first as soon as the schedule is decided. The script is studied thoroughly to know what the essential are props needed in the shots and they are designed according to that. The sketches and plans for the set are drawn so that they can be given to the construction managers and their teams for reference. One important part of art directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s work is trouble shooting. They find cost effective solutions for constructing and decoration problems. They work closely with the relevant department from the stage of preproduction itself if some special effects or visual effects r there in the movie. They are responsible for the use of any vehicles and animals in the movie. Sometimes the raw materials needed for construction may not be available so they need to adjust with whatever raw materials is available at the present situations. Safety is another important concern of an art director he must make sure that all the workers under him are safe when working in dangerous and hazardous situations Relationships Historically, the art department is seen as the imagery hub of film production More than this, it also exists as the central department providing a strategic guide for all crewmembers in their respective departments. As keeper of the visual concept, the art department has creatively inspired and monitored all related activities for decades. Head accountant and staff- an art director should be in good relation with the accountant so that money is easily available without any delays Locations Manager and Staff- Another early arrival in the pre-production phase is the locations manager. Logistics is what cements your relationship the locations finally chosen to satisfy the design concept, the schedule of in-and-out movement at a location, access and parking, and strict adherence to what can and cannot be physically done are some of the issues both will face together. Much like the art director, the locations manager is the first to arrive and the last to leave any and all given locations. UPM, Production Supervisor, and Production Office Staff- The bulk of your interdepartmental marketing efforts are exercised with the production office, the other nerve center of film production. All final decisions are made in this office. Your goal as an effective art department manager with the UPM, production supervisor, and production office coordinator is to provide good offensive support. First Assistant Director and Staff-The influence of a good art director should be felt everywhere at once. Unfortunately, the shooting crew and its activity on a hot set are not an art directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s legitimate domain; the first assistant director, the second assistant director, and the second-second assistant director will continuously remind you of that fact. Regardless, you need to do your job despite any restrictions; acknowledging the domain status of the 1st AD is key to working within those restrictions. Pre-visualization Supervisor and Staff The advent of 3D animation and how it has affected the design landscape has forced film designers to rethink the process of matching human and animation film elements seamlessly into the visual fabric of filmmaking. A reluctant respect now governs this young relationship between the art department and visual effects folks. It cannot properly function as an adversarial one because our quickly advancing technology is forcing a paradigm shift. The marriage of minds to create a singular vision has arrived and with it, a rethinking of boundaries. Essential knowledge and skills A good art director should be an expert in interior design and architecture

Examples Of Emily Dickinson - 748 Words

Emily Dickinson: Ambivalence in Nature Emily Elizabeth Dickinson was an American poet from the mid-nineteenth century. She had lived reclusively with her parents, composing approximately 1,800 known works of poetry. When she tried to get some of them published, they were rejected for their strange punctuation and capitalization. Dickinson refused to change her writing style and eventually gave up on poetry. Only until four years after her death was all of her poetry discovered and published by a neighbor and close friend. Since Dickinson never thought her works would be published, none of her poems had titles. Literary scholars identified and numbered these poems 1-1800. It is also acceptable to identify these poems by their first line.†¦show more content†¦Unlike in â€Å"A Bird came down the Walk,† Dickinson is interacting with nature in â€Å"A narrow Fellow in the Grass,† and she, once again, can be seen experiencing a feeling of ambivalence about nature. W hen Dickinson writes â€Å"His notice instant is - (4)† she seems to describe the two being spontaneously spooked by each other’s presence. However, later in the poem, Dickinson says: Several of Nature’s People I know and they know me I feel for them a transport Of Cordiality (17-20). By expressing her thoughts with words such as â€Å"cordiality,† she suggests that the snake, although potentially dangerous and frightening, can also be calm and gracious. The snake can represent both sides of the spectrum and strengthening Dickinson’s claim of nature’s ambivalence. Dickinson’s poem, â€Å"Apparently with no surprise,† expresses her same theme of confusion about nature. In the beginning of the poem, Dickinson says: Apparently with no surprise, To any happy flower, The frost beheads it at its play, In accidental power. The blond assassin passes on. (1-5) She is explaining the process of flowers dying to the cold frost overnight. 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Interview Letter A Special Education Teacher - 1186 Words

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Proposal to Implement Erp - 1605 Words

Project Proposal Sheet 1.0 Idea HANA KIMI CO. would like to adopt an online Supply Chain Management System (SCM) whereby the customers may buy company s products online via company s website and able to track the status of the order including the availability of the stocks by integrating the Online Sales System with the company s Inventory, Manufacturing and Production System. 2.0 Type of Project #8730; Revenue Generating #8730; Cost Savings 3.0 Type of System Horizontal: The implementation of the online SCM will involve the operational level only Vertical: The following functions will be integrated: #61607; Manufacturing and Production System #61607; Sales and Marketing System #61607; Inventory System†¦show more content†¦Under this condition, there are the one who sets the price. To uphold a good relationship with them is the answer to minimise the risk. Thus, offering them the new integrated online system which will ease and simplify their deal, will be very advantageous. Competitive Rivalry What is important here is the number and capability of the competitors Ââ€" if there are many competitors, and they offer equally attractive products and services, then the business is most likely to have a better power in the situation. If suppliers and buyers don t get a good deal from us, they will walk off elsewhere. Alternatively, if no-one else can do what we do, then we can often have tremendous strength. We might not be able to totally differentiate the products but we can surely offer better services to them. One of the ways is to implement the interactive online SCM that integrate the Sales System, the Stock Control System as well as the Production System. In this case, we are able to cater both suppliers and customers better and faster. Threat of Substitution This is affected by the ability of the customers to find a different way or different substitute products in the market. 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Will Doing a Master’s Get Me a better job Free Essays

Many students wrestle with the decision whether to take up Postgraduate study at the end of their Undergraduate degree. For some students this is to put off the thought of getting a ‘real-job’ for another year (which is a bad reason to do a Master’s!), but for others it is seen as a route to further develop their education, themselves, and – ultimately – their employability. But that invariably comes with a cost: another year of course fees, accommodation and bills, and remaining a poor student. We will write a custom essay sample on Will Doing a Master’s Get Me a better job? or any similar topic only for you Order Now So how do you know if Postgraduate study is for youToday we look at whether a Master’s is for you†¦ Post-Graduate Study To Get a Job One of the most commonly cited reasons that students give for pursuing Master’s courses is because they feel the qualifications will boost their salary. On first impressions, the statistics suggest that people with master’s qualifications are more likely to find work than those with undergraduate degrees – and they’re likely to earn a slightly higher wage. Data from the Higher Education Statistics Agency (Hesa) shows 86.6% of postgraduates were working in professional positions six months after graduating, compared with 64% of first degree graduates. Sounds great, right? A Master’s is not a Magic Ticket However, students need to remember that there isn’t an explicit labour market for Master’s qualifications. This means that many master’s graduates – especially those with generalist rather than vocational qualifications – will still be competing against first degree graduates for jobs. If you’re studying a technical master’s – for example in a pharmaceutical or medical subject area – then it’s likely that this will enhance your employability above an undergraduate. However, if you’re doing a master’s of a more generic nature that’s not essential to the advertised job, employers will probably view you in the same way as other graduates. What does this mean? This would mean that those graduating with Master’s degrees need to highlight to employers that recruiting someone with an additional qualification will benefit their organisation. If you’ve done a more general master’s course that isn’t required by a prospective employer then you need to show what skills you’ve gained – research skills, lateral thinking and so on. You should show that you’re able to study something in-depth and do good critical analysis, a transferable skill in all walks of employment. Funding Issues Finding funding to study a Masters isn’t easy and for a lot of students, a lack of funding means that continuing university study isn’t an option. Some universities may have scholarship opportunities or offer discounts to students who move from undergraduate to postgraduate level. You don’t get a student loan either for Master’s Study – so you need to be sure it is definitely what you want before committing to it. How do I get the most out of my Master’s Degree? To get the most out of a Master’s degree you need to have a clear goal and an idea of what you want to get out of it. If you want to get into industry, then think strategically – make sure that you’re getting work experience or going on placements and that this links in with your studies. Put as much research into finding a postgrad course as you did when searching for an undergraduate course – and think about the end game. Ultimately its important for students not to embark on a postgraduate course just because they think that it will make them more employable. You will need to explain to employers what benefits their qualification will bring, but there is no denying that – if you a clear goal and reason for study – that enhancing your skills with a postgraduate degree will enhance your employability. How to cite Will Doing a Master’s Get Me a better job?, Essay examples Will Doing a Master’s Get Me a better job Free Essays Many students wrestle with the decision whether to take up Postgraduate study at the end of their Undergraduate degree. For some students this is to put off the thought of getting a ‘real-job’ for another year (which is a bad reason to do a Master’s!), but for others it is seen as a route to further develop their education, themselves, and – ultimately – their employability. But that invariably comes with a cost: another year of course fees, accommodation and bills, and remaining a poor student. We will write a custom essay sample on Will Doing a Master’s Get Me a better job? or any similar topic only for you Order Now So how do you know if Postgraduate study is for youToday we look at whether a Master’s is for you†¦ Post-Graduate Study To Get a Job One of the most commonly cited reasons that students give for pursuing Master’s courses is because they feel the qualifications will boost their salary. On first impressions, the statistics suggest that people with master’s qualifications are more likely to find work than those with undergraduate degrees – and they’re likely to earn a slightly higher wage. Data from the Higher Education Statistics Agency (Hesa) shows 86.6% of postgraduates were working in professional positions six months after graduating, compared with 64% of first degree graduates. Sounds great, right? A Master’s is not a Magic Ticket However, students need to remember that there isn’t an explicit labour market for Master’s qualifications. This means that many master’s graduates – especially those with generalist rather than vocational qualifications – will still be competing against first degree graduates for jobs. If you’re studying a technical master’s – for example in a pharmaceutical or medical subject area – then it’s likely that this will enhance your employability above an undergraduate. However, if you’re doing a master’s of a more generic nature that’s not essential to the advertised job, employers will probably view you in the same way as other graduates. What does this mean? This would mean that those graduating with Master’s degrees need to highlight to employers that recruiting someone with an additional qualification will benefit their organisation. If you’ve done a more general master’s course that isn’t required by a prospective employer then you need to show what skills you’ve gained – research skills, lateral thinking and so on. You should show that you’re able to study something in-depth and do good critical analysis, a transferable skill in all walks of employment. Funding Issues Finding funding to study a Masters isn’t easy and for a lot of students, a lack of funding means that continuing university study isn’t an option. Some universities may have scholarship opportunities or offer discounts to students who move from undergraduate to postgraduate level. You don’t get a student loan either for Master’s Study – so you need to be sure it is definitely what you want before committing to it. How do I get the most out of my Master’s Degree? To get the most out of a Master’s degree you need to have a clear goal and an idea of what you want to get out of it. If you want to get into industry, then think strategically – make sure that you’re getting work experience or going on placements and that this links in with your studies. Put as much research into finding a postgrad course as you did when searching for an undergraduate course – and think about the end game. Ultimately its important for students not to embark on a postgraduate course just because they think that it will make them more employable. You will need to explain to employers what benefits their qualification will bring, but there is no denying that – if you a clear goal and reason for study – that enhancing your skills with a postgraduate degree will enhance your employability. How to cite Will Doing a Master’s Get Me a better job?, Essay examples

Impacts of Race on Health Policy-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Impacts of Race on Health Policy System. Answer: Introduction Everyone is entitled to quality and good health care services from any medical facility. Your cultural background should not deter you from accessing medical facilities and getting the required treatment. Race can be defined as the grouping of individuals based on their cultural, genetic, physical, social or ancestral traits. Racism is the discrimination, harassment or biases of one race by another who views themselves as superior to the others. Racism in health care leads to differences in access to quality healthcare. The race has been one of the major problems in Canada that have led to poor health care and those affected have difficulties in accessing quality health care because of the diverse cultural backgrounds that they are coming from (Betancourt et al., 2016). It is the responsibility of the government to introduce health policies that are inclusive and considerate for every Canadian citizen. Good health policy system help in improving health care for every individual irrespective of your race and cultural background in health policy system; race is a contributory factor to the success and effectiveness of the system (Tang, Browne, 2008). A health policy system that involves racism leads to poor quality services, inequality in access to health care, dissatisfied patients and increase in a number of patients. Racism has led to an increased number of patients resorting to other alternatives of health care like the tradition health care for the various illnesses. This has also lead to the rise of mortality in patients who are having chronic illnesses and are from the minority communities because of the discrimination and lack of adequate health care. The introduction of inclusive health care policies will help in reducing the mortality rate and improving health care among all Canadian citizens. Racism in Canada's health care policy system The negative beliefs about race and ethinicity are deeply ingrained in the culture of Canada. This popular culture is often associated with devaluing the backs and other non-white residents of Canada. Several research studies have provided evidence that suggests televisions play an important role in establishing this culture of racism. Television shows most often portray black people in a negative way and this has been linked to high levels of racial prejudice. On the other hand, widely read newspapers and books frequently pair the word black with words like poor, lazy, violent, and dangerous. While the word white is often linked to other words such as, progressive, wealthy, educated and successful. These negative messages are adopted by the people unconsciously and they start developing a bias that results in discrimination against the black people and leads to racial inequality. Healthcare professionals, clinicians and administrators of the health policy system are no exception (Alimezelli et al., 2014). Racism in Canada has long existed with the majority of the minority group consisting blacks have resettled in Quebec. Racism in Canada has exceeded many other countries, the minority groups have not fully been recognized by the government (Hutchison, levesque, Strumpf, Coyle, 2011). However much the government today is trying to change the perception and reducing the level of discrimination of the minority groups within its territory. Results from previous studies have reported that biased treatment recommendations exist in the healthcare facilities for black patients, and this has been linked to greater amount of implicit bias among physicians and clinicians. This often leads to poor quality of communication between the healthcare professionals and their clients and results in patient dissatisfaction. The patients who face racial and ethnic discrimination in hospital settings often give low ratings to the quality of care they received and their poor encounters with the doctors. The minority groups in Canada have long suffered because of the poor and limited health facilities in the regions where the minority groups live. This, however, has led to the rise of mortality in the minority groups especially those with chronic illness and also maternal mortality. Several causes of health inequities caused by racism are having less access to social resources such as education, inadequate economic resources, poor housing, engaging in health behaviors that are risky, exposure to environment hazards, stress caused by racism in an environment one lives in, social traumas such as sexual abuse and spousal abuse, programs such as screening being underutilized and having no trust in the healthcare systems (Prus, Tfaily, Lin, 2010). Living in poor neighbourhoods increases the exposure to toxic chemicals and restricts access to healthy foods (Beiser Hou, 2014). This increases the chances of adverse health outcomes among the minorities. Evidences suggest that significant disparities exist in the health outcomes of the racialized people owing to the fact that they do not get equal access to medical care facilities, such as, pediatric wards and veterans hospitals, when compared to the majority of white people (Kim et al., 2013). Therefore, practice of racism in healthcare institutions, bias among caregivers, stereotyping attitude and stigma are the major contributing factors to the incidence of racial inequalities in the healthcares system (Dovidio et al., 2017). This results in a shift in the focus from offering holistic care services to all patients regardless of their race or ethnic backgrounds. The government has the responsibility of playing a major role in reducing racism in Canada by making good policies that does not only favor the "white" people in getting efficient health care but instead come up with policies that ensures that access to primary healthcare is everyone's right irrespective of your race, tribe, color, and cultural background, it should be diversified (Papadopoulos, 2006). Healthcare organizations also have an equal responsibility of ensuring equality in the healthcare facilities. The healthcare organizations can introduce programs that are cultural diversity oriented with the aims of training health practitioners about cultural diversity and competence. This program should focus their attention on the marginalized groups and how they can get quality health care. The healthcare organizations should recruit persons from the minority groups in the health care system to create a free and conducive environment for the minority groups to feel comfortable and safe in the healthcare facilities (Kirmayer Brass, 2016). Most of the trained healthcare practitioners from minority groups often go back to their regions to offer health care services in the available health facilities and this is another way of promoting adequate health care for the minority groups. Ontario Human Right Commission (OHRC) has put in place policies that protect the minority groups from being oppressed and denied equal right to access medical facilities and other government public resources (Deber, Mah, 2014). The Canadian Community Health Survey (2016) provided data that supported the less likelihood of visible minorities in the Canadian community to create contacts with their specialist physicians or to get admitted in hospitals following an episode of illness, when compared to the Whites. Inequalities are consistently found between the Whites and racialized people with regard to hospital admissions, visits to a specialist, and screening tests for cancer, when the former were controlled for income, sex, language, and duration of residence in Canada. An adjustment of health status and socio-demographic features will reduce the existing disparities and increase the likelihood of the minorities to contact their general practitioners and utilize healthcare services. Evidences suggest that there is a profound lack of customary collection of health data that are related to race and ethnicity of the people living in Canada (Siddiqi et al., 2013). Furthermore, the unavailability of race based data in the Canadian cancer registries creates difficulties in ascertaining the impacts of race and ethnic history on the incidence of breast cancer and its survival in Canada. In addition, data reveal that the national population surveys under-represent the presence of immigrants in the population. This also creates difficulties for the minorities to adequately access the exisitig healthcare services (Wang Hu, 2013). Public and policymakers' responsibility The public and policymakers have the responsibility to take up actions in order to eliminate the issue of racism in the healthcare system. Such actions involve creating and increasing public awareness on the issue of racism and its effects on the quality and accessibility of healthcare (Giesbrecht, Crooks, 2016). The awareness can be increased through the support of policies and procedures that address racism, the establishment of community, groups and alliance programs that fight the issue of racism. Increase in the representation of the radicalized groups in the decision-making processes as well as in the organization's structure will help in eliminating the racism in Canada (Clavier, Leeuw, 2013). The public and policymakers should strife in implementing and enforcing policies and procedures that are free from racism. The policymakers should emphasise on the need for collecting standardized data related to ethnicity, race and primary language of all people who are entitled to use the healthcare system. The importance of standardized data collection lies in the fact that it will help the policy makers and the caregivers to identify and eliminate ethnic and racial inequities in healthcare (Cahill Makadon, 2014). Adequate data on the race and ethnicity of the patients and their care providers allow provisions to on patient and provider race and ethnicity would allow researchers to unravel the factors that contribute to inequities. This will also assist them in formulating better healthcare plans that meets the cultural needs of the minorities (Wang, 2014). A routine monitoring of their performances will facilitate in easy identification of discriminatory practices, ensure accountability, help in evaluation of the different therapeutic strategies and will eventually improve patient outcomes. The recruitment and retaining of staff from the minority groups will help in building a culture of diversity in the health, implementation of programs that involve training the practitioners on anti-discriminatory and culturally diverse health care. The availability of interpreters in the facilities will also help eliminate racism in the healthcare system. Support the establishment of acts and policies that address the racism in health care system and also allocate sufficient funds in support of racism research, in conducting discussions with the stakeholders on eradicating the racism in the country (Westhues, Wharf, 2012). The policymakers should ensure the patients exercise their rights to access proper healthcare through the introduction of a complaint box to air their complaints as well as to pro-actively respond to racism. A consideration to form a committee that addresses on racial equality will also help in dealing with the racism problem in the Canadians health policy system (Diehr et al., 2017). The policymakers should adopt cultural competence, which will provide them the ability to deliver healthcare services that meets the cultural, social, and linguistic needs of the minorities (Rajaram Bockrath, 2014). Lack of cultural competence will increase the risk of patients of receiving poor quality care and experiencing negative health outcomes. Some of the common strategies that can be adopted by the policy makers for developing a culturally competent healthcare environment include the following: Arranging for interpreter services Recruiting and retaining staff belonging to the minorities Creating training programs to increase cultural knowledge, awareness and skills Including the family and community members in decision making Incorporating culture-specific attitudes in different health promotion tools Locating clinics in geographical regions that can be easily accessed by the minority groups. Certain guidelines must be adopted by the policymakers to eliminate the healthcare disparities. These policies should focus on enhancing the attitudes of the healthcare professionals in regards to accepting that it is their responsibility to understand the cultural aspects of illness and health of all residents of Canada Recognizing the personal biases that exist against people belonging to different cultures and ethnic backgrounds Respecting and tolerating cultural differences among all patients (Dimick Ryan, 2014). The guidelines should increase the willingness of caregivers to make provisions for easily accessible clinical settings. Setting up accreditation standards will also benefit the minorities as it will enhance the skills of medical students to understand the diverse cultures that exist in the society and will further help them to perceive the different forms of illness and respond to them accordingly (Laymon et al., 2015). Summary The issue of racism, in Canada, cannot be ignored as it deeply affects the health care system. It is a major issue that should be addressed by all the stakeholders who include the government, the healthcare providers, and organizations, the consumers' and the general public. All the stakeholders should unite in implementing and enforcing policies and procedures that upholds equality and fights to eliminate racism in the health care systems. This will lead to appropriate address of all existing racial biases in healthcare delivery. References Alimezelli, H. T., Leis, A., Backman, A., Denis, W., Karunanayake, C. (2014, May). Disparities, Health Services Policies, and Minority Francophone Older Adults in Canada. Inconference Social Policy and Health Inequalities: An International Perspective, QICSS, Montreal(pp. 7-9). Beiser, M., Hou, F. (2014). Chronic health conditions, labour market participation and resource consumption among immigrant and native-born residents of Canada.International journal of public health,59(3), 541-547. Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Carrillo, J. E., Owusu Ananeh-Firempong, I. I. (2016). Defining cultural competence: a practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care.Public health reports. Cahill, S., Makadon, H. (2014). Sexual orientation and gender identity data collection in clinical settings and in electronic health records: A key to ending LGBT health disparities.LGBT health,1(1), 34-41. Clavier, C., Leeuw, E. J. J. (2013).Health promotion and the policy process. Deber, R. B., Mah, C. L. (2014).Case studies in Canadian health policy and management. Diehr, A. J., Jordan, T., Price, J., Sheu, J. J., Dake, J. (2017). Assessing the strategies of state offices of minority health to reduce health disparities.American Journal of Health Studies,32(1). Dimick, J. B., Ryan, A. M. (2014). Methods for evaluating changes in health care policy: the difference-in-differences approach.Jama,312(22), 2401-2402. Dovidio, J. F., Penner, L. A., Calabrese, S. K., Pearl, R. L. (2017). 2 Physical Health Disparities and Stigma: Race, Sexual Orientation, and Body Weight.The Oxford Handbook of Stigma, Discrimination, and Health, 29. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=bOw9DwAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PA29dq=Dovidio,+J.+F.,+Penner,+L.+A.,+Calabrese,+S.+K.,+%26+Pearl,+R.+L.+(2017).+2+Physical+Health+Disparities+and+Stigma:+Race,+Sexual+Orientation,+and+Body+Weight.+The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Stigma,+Discrimination,+and+Health,ots=9OgPpHjLErsig=7hlk4DmuG2WNgLhoZDvshpy2iLU#v=onepageqf=false Giesbrecht, D., Crooks, A., (2016). Place, Health and Diversity: Learning from the Canadian experience. Routledge. Hutchison, B., levesque, J. F., Strumpf, E., Coyle, N. (2011). Primary health care in Canada: systems in motion.The Milbank Quarterly,89(2), 256-288. Kim, I. H., Carrasco, C., Muntaner, C., McKenzie, K., Noh, S. (2013). Ethnicity and postmigration health trajectory in new immigrants to Canada.American Journal of Public Health,103(4), e96-e104. Kirmayer, L. J., Brass, G. (2016). Addressing global health disparities among Indigenous peoples.Lancet (London, England),388(10040), 105. Laymon, B., Shah, G., Leep, C. J., Elligers, J. J., Kumar, V. (2015). The proof's in the partnerships: Are Affordable Care Act and Local Health Department accreditation practices influencing collaborative partnerships in community health assessment and improvement planning?.Journal of Public Health Management and Practice,21(1), 12-17. Papadopoulos, I. (2006).Transcultural health and social care: Development of culturally competent practitioners. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone Prus, S. G., Tfaily, R., Lin, Z. (2010). Comparing racial and immigrant health status and health care access in later life in Canada and the United States.Canadian Journal on Aging/La Revue canadienne du vieillissement,29(3), 383-395. Rajaram, S. S., Bockrath, S. (2014). Cultural competence: New conceptual insights into its limits and potential for addressing health disparities.Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice,7(5), 6. Siddiqi, A., Ornelas, I. J., Quinn, K., Zuberi, D., Nguyen, Q. C. (2013). Societal context and the production of immigrant status-based health inequalities: a comparative study of the United States and Canada.Journal of public health policy,34(2), 330-344. Statcan.gc.ca. (2017).The DailyCanadian Community Health Survey, 2016.Statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 20 November 2017, from https://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/170927/dq170927a-eng.htm Tang, S. Y., Browne, A. J., (2008). Racematters: racialization and egalitarian discourses involving Aboriginal people in the Canadian health care context.Ethnicity and Health,13(2), 109-127. Wang, L. (2014). Immigrant health, socioeconomic factors and residential neighbourhood characteristics: A comparison of multiple ethnic groups in Canada.Applied Geography,51, 90-98. Wang, L., Hu, W. (2013). Immigrant health, place effect and regional disparities in Canada.Social Science Medicine,98, 8-17. Westhues, A., Wharf, B. (2012).Canadian social policy: Issues and perspectives